Forest Distribution

Earth's forests cover 31% of land surface, forming distinct biomes from tropical rainforests to boreal forests. Climate, soil conditions, and elevation determine forest type distribution. These ecosystems store 80% of terrestrial biomass and house over 80% of land biodiversity.

Carbon Cycle Role

Forests function as crucial carbon sinks, absorbing approximately 7.6 billion tons of CO2 annually. Photosynthesis and carbon storage in biomass and soil regulate atmospheric carbon levels. Deforestation disrupts this cycle, releasing stored carbon and reducing absorption capacity.

Ecosystem Services

Forest systems provide essential services including watershed protection, soil conservation, and climate regulation. They support local communities through timber, food, and medicinal resources. Indigenous knowledge systems maintain sustainable forest management practices while adapting to environmental changes.Shutdown123